Skygazers across the globe are turning their attention skyward for a spectacular celestial event: the November Full Moon, which is also the largest and brightest Supermoon of 2025. This stunning display, traditionally known as the Beaver Moon, offers a prime opportunity to witness our nearest cosmic neighbor at its most luminous.
Defining the Supermoon Phenomenon
A Supermoon is a term coined in modern astronomy to describe a Full Moon that nearly coincides with perigee—the point in the Moon's elliptical orbit where it is closest to Earth.
What is it? The Moon's orbit around Earth is not a perfect circle; it is an ellipse. This means the distance between the Earth and Moon constantly changes. A Supermoon occurs when the Full Moon phase happens while the Moon is within a certain proximity (typically within 90% of its closest approach, or perigee) to Earth.
Appearance: Due to its exceptional proximity, a Supermoon appears slightly larger and notably brighter than an average Full Moon. This November Supermoon, being the closest of 2025, is projected to look up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than the smallest Full Moon of the year (a micromoon). While the size difference may be subtle to the naked eye, the increase in brightness is often quite noticeable.
Proximity: For this event on November 5, 2025, the Moon is at its closest perigee of the year, bringing it to a distance of approximately 357,000 kilometers (or about 221,800 miles) from Earth.
📅 When to Watch the November Supermoon
The moment of peak illumination (when the Moon is officially "full") is on Wednesday, November 5, 2025.
However, the best time for viewing is typically during moonrise on the evening of November 5 (and sometimes the evening before, as the Moon will appear full for about three days).
Optimum Viewing Strategy
The Moon often looks largest and most dramatic when it is close to the horizon. This is due to a phenomenon called the "Moon Illusion," where our brain compares the Moon's size to foreground objects (like trees or buildings), making it seem massive. Additionally, as the Moon rises, the scattering of light by the Earth's atmosphere can give it a warm, golden, or orange hue, adding to the spectacle.
Check Local Times: Consult a local astronomy resource for the exact time of sunset and moonrise in your area on November 5. Aim to be ready to watch the Moon ascend in the eastern sky shortly after sunset.
Location: Find an open area with a clear view of the horizon, away from bright city lights if possible, to fully appreciate its luminosity.
Equipment: No special equipment is required; the Supermoon is a stunning sight with the naked eye. Binoculars or a small telescope, however, can enhance the experience by revealing details on the lunar surface.
🦫 The Name: Beaver Moon
The Full Moon in November is traditionally known as the Beaver Moon.
Origin: This name originates from the traditions of Native American tribes and early European settlers in North America. November was the month when beavers were actively building their winter dams and storing food in preparation for the cold, frozen months ahead.
Alternative Explanation: Another popular account suggests the name comes from the time when trappers would set their beaver traps to ensure a supply of warm furs before the waterways froze over.
Other Names: In different cultures and regions, the November Full Moon is also known by other seasonal names, such as the Frost Moon or Freezing Moon, all reflecting the onset of winter.
🌊 Earthly Effects and Astronomical Context
While a Supermoon is primarily a visual event, the increased gravitational pull due to the Moon's closer distance does have a slight, noticeable effect on Earth:
Tides: The combined gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun creates tides. During a Supermoon, the Moon's closer proximity results in a slight amplification of this pull, leading to higher-than-average high tides and lower-than-average low tides—known as perigean spring tides. However, the difference is generally minimal and not a cause for concern.
Supermoon Series: The November Beaver Supermoon is the second in a series of Full Supermoons for 2025, following the October Full Moon and preceding the final Full Supermoon in December, making it a special period for lunar observation.
Coinciding Events: This Supermoon may also coincide with the tail end of the Southern Taurid meteor shower, which is sometimes known for producing bright fireballs, adding an extra layer of interest to the night sky.
In summary, the November Beaver Supermoon of 2025 is a must-see astronomical event, offering the year's brightest and closest view of the full moon. Clear skies permitting, it will be a spectacular sight for all skywatchers.